IMPROVEMENT OF THE DISMANTLING TECHNOLOGY OF EMERGENCY LARGE-PANEL BUILDINGS ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF ASSESSING THEIR RESISTANCE TO COLLAPSES

Abstract

Problem. The complete or partial dismantling of the damaged object is an important step in eliminating the consequences of emergency destruction. Issues related to man-made destruction of buildings and structures, their temporary emergency reinforcement and establishment of the possibility of further restoration require the professional participation of civil engineers in the substantiation of urgent project decisions. Currently, there are no organizational and technological solutions that are able to simultaneously combine objective urgency and rational justification of their implementation. Method. On the example of a building that suffered significant damage as a result of an explosion of a gas-air mixture, the selection of the optimal and safe method of its partial dismantling in the conditions of compacted buildings while ensuring safety requirements and the methodology for assessing the stress-strain state of the building structures based on the subsystem method was carried out. Originality. Violation of the strength and stability of the building as a result of a man-made accident and the uncertainty of the work of its structural scheme significantly increases the urgency of optimizing the technology of dismantling emergency structures. Variants of the sequence of dismantling of a large-panel building, which suffered an emergency collapse of part of the load-bearing structures, were considered. The basis of the choice is the practice of a complex study of the "foundation - ground part of the damaged building" system at the stage of dismantling and temporary strengthening. On the basis of the LIRA-CAD software complex, a methodology has been developed that allows creating adequate computer models that change taking into account the stages of dismantling, keeping the load history and taking into account the emerging forces and deformations. The initial data for the creation of an adequate computer model were obtained by analyzing design and technical documentation, visual and instrumental examination of the emergency building. The advanced mathematical apparatus implemented in the PC "LIRA CAD" allows to perform calculations of complex construction objects taking into account man-made influences on their structural elements and to perform modeling of processes that lead to changes in the stress-strain state, the development of inelastic plastic deformations and crack formation. Practical value. Such a technique is universal, with its help it is possible to examine buildings of any type that are under the influence of man-made and emergency external influences. The technology of dismantling emergency buildings in conditions of incomplete information about their technical condition has been improved. The safety efficiency of emergency and rescue operations has been increased.