CONSTRUCTION WASTE RECYCLING ORGANIZATION
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to study the global experience of organizing the collection and processing of construction and demolition waste for their reuse in construction, to determine the possibility of applying positive practices in Ukraine. In the EU, construction waste makes up more than a third of all generated waste. The components of construction and demolition waste have different resource values, but can still be easily recycled into new products or materials. The level of recycling and disposal of waste varies significantly in EU countries, ranging from less than 10% to more than 90%. With the economic development of the country, the volume of waste increases. The main obstacles that hindered the development of sustainable waste management, for example in Germany, are the lack of nationwide regulation of secondary construction materials; lack of economic incentives, when primary raw materials are presented in large quantities in most regions of Germany, and therefore they are relatively cheap compared to secondary raw materials; sanctions for violators of waste management rules are too low and not applied regularly. Ways to ensure the need to process construction waste can be the determination at the legislative level of the volume of construction waste depending on the area of the building where construction work is performed, or the cost of construction work; establishment of a direct requirement for the use of a certain percentage of products from recycled construction waste in new construction or a direct ban on landfills for construction and demolition waste that can be processed for reuse. Economic incentives, such as tax breaks or subsidies, as well as additional taxes on the use of non-recycled materials, are used to encourage companies to use secondary materials and reduce waste. The Waste Framework Directive, adopted in 2008, aims to prevent or reduce waste generation in order to transition to a circular economy and guarantee the EU's long-term competitiveness.
