ІNTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND ITS ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF THE INNOVATIVE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The basis of the innovative development of the country's economy in today's conditions, which contributes to the effective use of competitive advantages not only in a single country, but also outside its borders, is intellectual capital, which can be defined as a set of knowledge and skills that a person possesses and is capable of increasing the market value enterprises. The analysis of existing approaches to the formation, development and management of human capital indicates insufficient efficiency of the use of intellectual capital of the enterprise, its practical application and distribution among the country's population.
The purpose of the study is to substantiate the essence of intellectual capital and its role as a component of increasing the country's competitiveness and the well-being of the population in the formation of an innovative economy.
The article examines the existing approaches to defining the concept of "intellectual capital" and "intellectual potential" as determining components of the development of the innovative economy. The structure of intellectual capital is determined and the need for the functioning of its components in a complex is emphasized. The role of intellectual capital and intellectual potential in the formation of an innovative national economy is revealed.
Today's challenges do not contribute to innovative development and effective use of intellectual capital within Ukraine. The reasons for this are many factors, among which we can single out the loss of highly qualified specialists with practical experience due to the war, the low level of wages, which encourages Ukrainians to look for decent living conditions, sometimes not in their specialty, the lack of an innovative environment, adequate funding of scientific developments and their research, innovation and investment culture of the country's population, innovative development strategies taking into account the current situation.
The article summarizes the main obstacles in the development of intellectual capital and innovative economy, offers ways to solve the problems that arise and need to be solved at the level of the state, the business sector, and the population of the country. It is emphasized that it is the triad "state - entrepreneurship - education" that has the opportunity to reveal and effectively use the intellectual potential of the country's population for the purpose of building an innovative, competitive economy of Ukraine.